The Women Are up to Something

This the story of four philosophers--Elizabeth Anscombe, Philippa Foot, Mary Midgley, and Iris Murdoch--who helped shape the intellectual history of the 20th century, reviving the ethical imagination of their time and ours. The Second World War gave these four women their chance, as they pursued roles formerly reserved for men. But they succeeded because of their formidable intelligence and because of who they were: a combative Catholic convert who never cared whom she offended; her unlikely best friend, an atheist who grew up in a world of class and manners; a woman who spent a decade and a half raising her boys, publishing the first of her sixteen books at almost 60; and a mystical novelist who gradually drifted away from the academy. This is a book for those interested in these vivid characters, in the first school of women philosophers, or in alternative ways of thinking about how to live. The story of four remarkable women who shaped the intellectual history of the 20th century: Elizabeth Anscombe, Philippa Foot, Mary Midgley, and Iris Murdoch. On the cusp of the Second World War, four women went to Oxford to begin their studies: a fiercely brilliant Catholic convert; a daughter of privilege longing to escape her stifling upbringing; an ardent Communist and aspiring novelist with a list of would-be lovers as long as her arm; and a quiet, messy lover of newts and mice who would become a great public intellectual of our time. They became lifelong friends. At the time, only a handful of women had ever made lives in philosophy. But when Oxford''s men were drafted in the war, everything changed. As Elizabeth Anscombe, Philippa Foot, Mary Midgley, and Iris Murdoch labored to make a place for themselves in a male-dominated world, as they made friendships and families, and as they drifted toward and away from each other, they never stopped insisting that some lives are better than others. They argued that courage and discernment and justice--and love--are the heart of a good life. This book presents the first sustained engagement with these women''s contributions: with the critique and the alternative they framed. Drawing on a cluster of recently opened archives and extensive correspondence and interviews with those who knew them best, Benjamin Lipscomb traces the lives and ideas of four friends who gave us a better way to think about ethics, and ourselves.