The Ottoman Endgame

A single-volume history of the Ottoman empire's decade-long war for survival. Beginning with Italy's invasion of Ottoman Tripoli in September 1911, the opening salvo in what would soon spiral into a European conflict, it concludes with the establishment of Turkish independence in the Treaty of Lausanne, 1923. A single-volume history of the Ottoman empire's decade-long war for survival. Beginning with Italy's invasion of Ottoman Tripoli in September 1911, the opening salvo in what would soon spiral into a European conflict, it concludes with the establishment of Turkish independence in the Treaty of Lausanne, 1923.