Machine Elements Analysis and Design 3rd edition
This book is intended to provide graduate and undergraduate students with basic understanding of machine element theory, and to introduce tools and techniques facilitating design calculations for a number of frequently encountered mechanical elements. The material in the book is appropriate for a course in Machine Elements and/or Mechanical Engineering Design for students who have passed first and second year basic courses in engineering physics, engineering mechanics and engineering materials science. At the end of each chapter in the book, references, which may be useful for further studies of specific subjects or for verification, are given.
NOTE: The exercise book for this is called Machine Elements Analysis and Design - Problems and it can be purchased separately.
Contents Preface to the third edition Contents 1 Limits, fits and surface properties 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Geometrical tolerances1.2.1 Specifying geometrical tolerances1.2.2 Toleranced features1.3 Surface texture 1.3.1 Surface Texture Parameters 1.4 Tolerances on lengths, diameters, angles 1.4.1 Dimensions and tolerances 1.4.2 Fits 1.4.3 Functional dimensioning 1.4.4 Dimension chains 1.5 The ISO-tolerance system 1.5.1 Introduction 1.5.2 Field of application 1.5.3 Terms and definitions 1.5.4 Tolerances and deviations 1.5.5 Preferred numbers 1.5.6 Standard tolerance grades IT1 to IT16 1.5.7 Formula for standard tolerances in grades IT5 to IT16 1.6 Nomenclature 1.7 References 2 Springs 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The design situation 2.3 Helical springs 2.3.1 Formulas for helical springs 2.3.2 Stress curvature correction factor 2.3.3 Material properties 2.3.4 Relaxation 2.3.5 Types of load 2.3.6 Dynamic loading 2.3.7 Compression springs 2.3.8 Extension springs 2.4 Belleville springs or coned-disc springs 2.4.1 Formulas for Belleville springs 2.5 Helical torsion springs 2.5.1 Methods of loading 2.5.2 Binding effects 2.5.3 Formulas for helical torsion springs 2.6 Spiral springs2.6.1 Clamped outer end2.6.2 Simply supported outer end2.7 Supplementary literature 2.8 Nomenclature 2.9 References 3 Rolling element bearings 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Bearing types 3.2.1 Available space 3.2.2 Loads3.2.3 Combined load 3.2.4 Misalignment 3.2.5 Speed 3.2.6 Stiffness 3.2.7 Axial displacement 3.3 Load carrying capacity and life 3.3.1 Basic load ratings 3.3.2 Life 3.3.3 Basic rating life equation 3.3.4 Requisite basic rating life 3.3.5 Adjusted rating life equation 3.3.6 Combination of life adjustment factors a2 and a3 3.3.7 SKF Life Theory 3.4 Calculation example 3.5 Calculation of dynamic bearing loads 3.5.1 Gear trains3.5.2 Belt drives3.5.3 Equivalent dynamic bearing load3.5.4 Constant bearing load 3.5.5 Fluctuating bearing load 3.5.6 Requisite minimum load 3.6 Selecting static loaded bearing 3.6.1 Stationary bearing 3.6.2 Static load rating 3.6.3 Requisite basic static load rating 3.7 Radial location of bearings - Selection of fit 3.8 Bearing lubrication 3.9 Nomenclature 3.10 References 4 Shafts4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 Terminology 4.2 Types of load 4.3 Shaft design considerations 4.3.1 Possible modes of failure 4.4 Static loading 4.5 Design for fatigue (cyclic load/dynamic load) 4.5.1 Stress concentration4.5.2 S-N curve or Wöhler curve 4.5.3 Estimation of endurance level4.5.4 Fluctuating load 4.6 Design for shaft deflections 4.7 Design for critical shaft speeds 4.8 Suggested design procedure, based on shaft yielding 4.9 Nomenclature4.10 References 5 Shaft-hub Connections 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Positive connections 5.2.1 Pinned and taper-pinned joints 5.2.2 Parallel keys and Woodruff Keys 5.2.3 Splined joints 5.2.4 Prestressed shaft-hub connections 5.2.5 Failure of positive connections 5.3 Connection with force (Transmission by friction) 5.3.1 Cone interference fit 5.3.2 Interference fit with spacers5.3.3 Interference fit (press and shrink fits) 5.4 Design modification/optimization 5.4.1 Spline design 5.5 Nomenclature 5.6 References 6 Threaded Fasteners 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Characteristics of screw motion6.3 Types of thread 6.4 Types of bolts and nuts6.5 Material specification for bolts and nuts6.6 Force and torque to preload a bolt6.7 Deflection in joints due to preload 6.8 Superposition of preload and working loads6.9 Failure of bolted connections6.10 Design modification/optimization 6.11 Nomenclature 6.12 References 7 Couplings and universal joints 7.1 Introduction to couplings 7.2 Functional characteristics 7.2.1 Shaft elongation or shaft division 7.2.2 Misaligned shafts or angular deviation 7.2.3 Man-operated engagement or disengagement7.2.4 Torque-sensitive clutches 7.2.5 Speed-sensitive clutches 7.2.6 Directional (one-way) clutches, overrun clutches 7.3 Permanent torsionally stiff couplings 7.3.1 Rigid couplings 7.3.2 Universal joints and other special joints 7.4 Permanent elastic couplings7.4.1 General purpose 7.4.2 Selection procedures 7.4.3 Damping 7.4.4 Max coupling torque for squirrel-cage motor 7.5 Overload couplings and safety couplings 7.6 Nomenclature 7.7 References8 Clutches 8.1 Friction clutches 8.1.1 Torque transmission (static) 8.1.2 Transient slip in friction clutches during engagement 8.1.3 Dissipated energy in the clutch 8.1.4 Layout design of friction clutches 8.2 Automatic clutches 8.2.1 Speed-sensitive clutches (centrifugal clutches) 8.2.2 Directional (one-way) clutches. overrun clutches8.3 Nomenclature 9 Brakes 9.1 Drum brakes 9.1.1 Self-energizing 9.1.2 Braking torque and friction radius 9.1.3 Wear and normal pressure for parallel guided shoe 9.1.4 Wear and normal pressure for non-pivoted long shoe9.1.5 Wear and normal pressure for pivoted long shoe9.2 Disc brakes9.3 Cone brakes 9.3.1 Uniform pressure model 9.3.2 Uniform wear model 9.4 Band brakes 9.5 Nomenclature 10 Belt Drives 10.1 Introduction10.1.1 Reasons for choosing belt drives 10.2 The belts 10.3 Belt drive geometry (kinematics) 10.4 Belt forces10.4.1 Flat belt 10.4.2 V-belt 10.4.3 Including inertia10.5 Belt stress (flat belt)10.6 Optimization of belt-drives10.7 Plot of the belt forces 10.8 Nomenclature 10.9 References 11 The geometry of involute gears11.1 Introduction 11.2 Internal and external gears 11.3 Gear ratio 11.4 Gears in mesh 11.5 Tooth shapes 11.6 Involute tooth shape basics 11.7 Basic rack 11.8 Pitch and module11.9 Under-cutting 11.10 Addendum modification (profile shift) 11.11 Tooth thickness 11.12 Calculating the addendum modification 11.13 Radial clearance11.14 Gear radii 11.15 Contact ratio 11.16 Base tangent length11.17 Helical gears 11.18 Nomenclature11.19 References 12 The strength of involute gears12.1 Introduction12.2 General influence factors12.2.1 Nominal tangential load, FNt12.2.2 Application factor, KA12.2.3 Dynamic factor, KV 12.3 Longitudinal (axial) load distribution factors, KHβ, KFβ12.3.1 Principles of longitudinal load distributions12.4 Transverse load distribution factors, KHα, KFα 12.4.1 Formulas for determination of factors 12.5 Calculation of surface durability (pitting) 12.5.1 Fundamental formulas 12.5.2 Allowable contact stress12.5.3 Safety factor for contact stress (against pitting)12.5.4 Zone factor 12.5.5 Elasticity factor12.5.6 Contact ratio factor 12.5.7 Helix angle factor 12.5.8 Life factor 12.5.9 Lubrication factor 12.5.10 Roughness factor 12.5.11 Speed factor 12.5.12Work hardening factor12.6 Calculation of load capacity (tooth breakage) 12.6.1 Fundamental formulas 12.6.2 Allowable tooth root stress 12.6.3 Safety factor for tooth root stress (against tooth breakage) 12.6.4 Tooth form factor 12.6.5 Helix angle factor 12.6.6 Life factor 12.6.7 Relative notch sensitivity factor, Yδ 12.6.8 Relative surface condition factor 12.6.9 Size factor12.7 Elastohydrodynamic lubrication in gears 12.8 Design modification/optimization 12.9 Nomenclature 12.10 References 13 2D Joint Kinematics 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Joints in 2D 13.3 Degrees of freedom 13.4 Position, velocity and acceleration analysis 13.5 Mechanism design13.6 Nomenclature 13.7 References Appendix A: Tables with ISO-tolerances and fits Appendix B: Stress concentration factors B.1 References Index
